When Is It Time to See a Gastroenterologist?

by GI Doc Admin | Aug 25, 2025 | Gastroenterology

Introduction

Digestive health plays a vital role in your overall well-being, yet it is often overlooked until symptoms become too uncomfortable to ignore. From occasional heartburn to chronic abdominal pain, many gastrointestinal (GI) issues can disrupt daily life.

But how do you know when it’s time to move beyond over-the-counter remedies and consult a specialist?

A gastroenterologist is a physician trained in diagnosing and treating disorders of the digestive system, which includes the esophagus, stomach, intestines, liver, pancreas, and gallbladder. Knowing when to seek expert care can make all the difference between managing symptoms effectively and allowing conditions to worsen.

This article explores the signs, symptoms, and conditions that signal it may be time to see a gastroenterologist, the importance of early detection, and what you can expect from your visit.

What Does a Gastroenterologist Do?

Gastroenterologists specialize in diseases of the digestive tract and perform advanced procedures such as endoscopy and colonoscopy.

Their scope of care includes:

Esophagus and stomach: GERD, ulcers, swallowing disorders.
Small and large intestines: Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), strictures.
Liver and pancreas: Hepatitis, fatty liver disease, pancreatitis.
Gallbladder and bile ducts: Gallstones, bile duct obstructions.
Cancer prevention and detection: Screening for colorectal cancer and Barrett’s esophagus.

If you experience ongoing or severe digestive issues, a gastroenterologist provides specialized care that general practitioners may not offer.

Signs It’s Time to See a Gastroenterologist

1. Persistent Heartburn or Acid Reflux

Occasional heartburn after a spicy meal is common, but frequent reflux may signal gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Left untreated, GERD can damage the esophagus and increase the risk of Barrett’s esophagus and esophageal cancer. If heartburn occurs more than twice a week, it’s time to see a gastroenterologist.

2. Chronic Abdominal Pain or Bloating

Stomach discomfort should not be ignored if it:

Lasts more than a few days,
Is associated with changes in bowel habits, or
Comes with nausea, vomiting, or weight loss.

These symptoms may indicate IBS, IBD (Crohn’s or ulcerative colitis), ulcers, or gallstones.

3. Blood in Stool or Rectal Bleeding

Visible blood in your stool—or stools that are black and tarry—requires immediate medical evaluation. Causes may range from hemorrhoids to more serious conditions such as colon polyps, colorectal cancer, or inflammatory bowel disease.

4. Unexplained Weight Loss

Losing weight without changing your diet or exercise routine can be a red flag. A gastroenterologist can investigate causes such as celiac disease, Crohn’s disease, pancreatic disorders, or even gastrointestinal cancers.

5. Chronic Constipation or Diarrhea

Persistent changes in bowel habits should not be dismissed. Constipation lasting weeks, or diarrhea that doesn’t resolve, may point to IBS, infections, strictures, or even colon cancer.

6. Difficulty Swallowing (Dysphagia)

If swallowing feels painful or food seems to get “stuck,” it could be related to esophageal strictures, GERD complications, or motility disorders. Early diagnosis helps prevent complications such as malnutrition or aspiration.

7. Family History of GI Conditions

If colorectal cancer, polyps, Crohn’s disease, or celiac disease runs in your family, your risk is higher. Regular check-ups with a gastroenterologist can provide personalized screening and prevention strategies.

8. Jaundice or Liver Concerns

Yellowing of the skin or eyes is a warning sign of liver disease. Other symptoms include dark urine, light-colored stools, or persistent fatigue. Conditions like hepatitis, cirrhosis, and fatty liver disease require specialist management.

9. Routine Screenings for Prevention

Even without symptoms, adults should see a gastroenterologist for preventive care:

Colonoscopy at age 45+ (earlier if family history exists).
Periodic follow-up if polyps are found.
Endoscopy for patients with long-standing GERD.

Routine screenings save lives by detecting cancer and precancerous conditions early.

Common Conditions a Gastroenterologist Treats

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)

Symptoms: Heartburn, regurgitation, chronic cough.
Why see a GI specialist? To prevent esophageal damage and complications.

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (Crohn’s Disease & Ulcerative Colitis)

Symptoms: Diarrhea, abdominal pain, blood in stool, fatigue.
Treatment: Endoscopic procedures, medications, biologics.

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

Symptoms: Alternating constipation and diarrhea, bloating.
Why see a GI specialist? To confirm diagnosis and manage symptoms effectively.

Celiac Disease

An autoimmune condition where gluten damages the small intestine.
Diagnosis requires blood tests and endoscopy.

Liver Disease

Includes fatty liver, hepatitis, cirrhosis.
Often silent until advanced, requiring specialist testing.

Colon Cancer & Polyps

Routine colonoscopies can remove precancerous polyps before they become cancerous.

What to Expect at Your Appointment

When you visit a gastroenterologist, you can expect:

Detailed Medical History – including family history, lifestyle, and current symptoms.
Physical Examination – abdominal check, blood pressure, weight.
Diagnostic Tests – may include blood work, imaging (CT/MRI/ultrasound), stool tests, or endoscopic procedures.
Treatment Plan – medication, dietary changes, minimally invasive procedures, or long-term monitoring.

Diagnostic and Treatment Procedures

Gastroenterologists use advanced diagnostic tools:

Endoscopy: Examines the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine.
Colonoscopy: Inspects the large intestine for polyps or cancer.
Capsule Endoscopy: A small camera pill to view the small intestine.
Endoscopic Ultrasound: Provides detailed imaging of digestive organs.

Endoscopic Dilatation or Stent Placement: Relieves strictures or obstructions.

Treatment approaches may include:

Medications (acid reducers, anti-inflammatories, biologics).
Lifestyle and dietary adjustments.
Minimally invasive procedures for strictures, bleeding, or polyps.

The Importance of Early Detection

Ignoring symptoms can lead to serious complications:

GERD may lead to Barrett’s esophagus and cancer.
Untreated Crohn’s can cause strictures or fistulas.
Delayed colonoscopy may allow cancer to progress undetected.

By consulting a gastroenterologist early, patients can prevent progression, receive appropriate treatment, and enjoy better quality of life.

When to Seek Emergency Care

Not all digestive issues can wait for an appointment. Seek emergency care if you experience:

Severe abdominal pain with fever.
Vomiting blood or passing black stools.
Sudden, severe difficulty swallowing.
Rapid, unexplained weight loss with weakness.

Conclusion

Your digestive system is central to your overall health, and ignoring warning signs can put you at risk of serious complications. From persistent heartburn and unexplained weight loss to routine screenings for cancer prevention, a gastroenterologist provides the expertise needed to diagnose, treat, and manage digestive conditions.

If you’re experiencing ongoing digestive symptoms—or if you’re due for a preventive screening—don’t wait.

Scheduling a visit with a gastroenterologist could be the most important step you take toward protecting your health.

Contact Dr. Deetlefs

Dr Eduan prides himself on his ability to help his patients to the best of his ability by embracing good listening skills, effective communication, compassion and knowledge and skill honed during years of private gastroenterology practice.

If you would like to book an appointment with a gastrointestinal (GI) specialist or would simply like more information on a particular GI topic, don’t hesitate to use our online booking form or call Dr. Deetlefs at 021 551 867.

Book an Appointment

DISCLAIMER: PLEASE READ CAREFULLY

The information on this website is to provide general guidance. In no way does any of the information provided reflect definitive medical advice and self-diagnoses should not be made based on information obtained online. It is important to consult a Gastroenterologist or medical doctor regarding ANY and ALL symptoms or signs including, but not limited to: abdominal pain, haemorrhoids or anal / rectal bleeding as it may a sign of a serious illness or condition. A thorough consultation and examination should ALWAYS be performed for an accurate diagnosis and treatment plan. Be sure to call a physician or call our office today and schedule a consultation.

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Our website information is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a doctor about your specific condition. Only a trained physician can determine an accurate diagnosis and proper treatment.

The Importance of Routine GI Check-Ups

by GI Doc Capetown | Aug 15, 2025 | Cancer Screening, Colonoscopy

Introduction

When it comes to health, most people think of regular visits to their general practitioner, dental check-ups, and even annual eye exams. However, one area often overlooked is digestive health. Your gastrointestinal (GI) system plays a vital role in your overall well-being, as it is responsible for digesting food, absorbing nutrients, and eliminating waste.

Routine GI check-ups are essential for identifying problems early, preventing serious diseases, and ensuring long-term gut health.

In this article, we’ll explore why these check-ups are so important, who should get them, what to expect, and how they can help prevent and manage common digestive conditions.

Why Digestive Health Matters

The gastrointestinal tract is a complex system that includes the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine (colon), rectum, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas. Each part plays a crucial role in breaking down food and delivering essential nutrients to the body.

When something goes wrong in this system, it doesn’t just cause digestive discomfort—it can affect your energy levels, immune system, and even mental health. For instance:

Nutrient absorption issues can lead to vitamin deficiencies, fatigue, and weakened immunity.
Chronic inflammation in the gut, such as with Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis, may increase the risk of colorectal cancer.
Undiagnosed conditions, like celiac disease, can cause long-term damage if not identified and managed.

Routine GI check-ups are an important way to detect these issues early and keep the digestive system functioning properly.

What Is a GI Check-Up?

A GI check-up is a medical evaluation performed by a gastroenterologist—a doctor specializing in digestive health. Depending on your age, risk factors, and symptoms, a GI check-up may include:

Medical history and symptom review – Discussing lifestyle, diet, and family history.
Physical examination – Checking for abdominal tenderness, bloating, or other signs of issues.
Diagnostic tests – These may include blood tests, stool tests, imaging (ultrasound, CT, MRI), or procedures like endoscopy or colonoscopy.

These evaluations can help diagnose conditions such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), ulcers, gallstones, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and cancers of the digestive tract.

Who Needs Routine GI Check-Ups?

While anyone can benefit from digestive health screening, certain individuals are at higher risk and should be proactive about routine check-ups.

Adults Over 45

Colon cancer screening is now recommended for adults starting at age 45, as cases of colorectal cancer in younger adults are rising. Colonoscopy is the gold standard for detecting and removing polyps before they become cancerous.

Those With a Family History of GI Diseases

If you have a family history of colorectal cancer, Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, or celiac disease, you may need earlier and more frequent check-ups.

Individuals With Chronic Symptoms

Persistent symptoms like abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, constipation, blood in the stool, or unexplained weight loss should not be ignored.

Patients With Existing GI Conditions

People with GERD, IBD, celiac disease, or liver conditions benefit from ongoing monitoring to prevent complications.

colonoscopy_procedure_checkup

Common Conditions Detected During Routine GI Check-Ups

Colorectal Cancer

Colorectal cancer is one of the most preventable cancers when detected early. During a colonoscopy, gastroenterologists can remove polyps before they progress into cancer.

Polyps

These small growths in the colon can be benign but have the potential to turn cancerous if left untreated.

GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease)

Frequent acid reflux can damage the esophagus and increase the risk of Barrett’s esophagus, a precancerous condition.

IBD (Crohn’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis)

Early diagnosis helps in managing inflammation, reducing flares, and preventing long-term complications like strictures and malnutrition.

Celiac Disease

Routine screening is important, especially if symptoms like bloating, diarrhea, or nutrient deficiencies are present.

Liver and Gallbladder Disorders

Fatty liver disease, gallstones, and hepatitis can often be picked up through routine blood work and imaging.

Benefits of Routine GI Check-Ups

Early Detection Saves Lives

The earlier a problem is caught, the easier it is to treat. For example, polyps removed during colonoscopy eliminate the risk of them turning into cancer.

Prevention of Serious Diseases

Many digestive conditions start small but worsen over time. Routine check-ups can stop disease progression before it becomes life-threatening.

Better Quality of Life

Managing digestive symptoms like bloating, constipation, or reflux improves comfort, sleep, and overall well-being.

Tailored Treatment Plans

Routine follow-ups allow gastroenterologists to adjust treatments based on changes in symptoms or test results.

Peace of Mind

Knowing your digestive health is being monitored provides reassurance and reduces anxiety.

routine_checkup_importance

What to Expect During a Colonoscopy

One of the most common routine GI procedures is the colonoscopy. Here’s what happens:

Preparation – Patients follow a special diet and take bowel-cleansing medications the day before.
Sedation – You will be sedated to ensure comfort.
Examination – The doctor inserts a flexible tube with a camera into the colon to look for polyps, inflammation, or other abnormalities.
Polyp Removal – If found, polyps can be removed immediately.
Recovery – Patients typically go home the same day.

Though often dreaded, a colonoscopy is quick, safe, and one of the most effective preventive tools in medicine.

Lifestyle and Routine Check-Ups: Working Together

While routine GI check-ups are essential, lifestyle changes can complement medical care and improve gut health:

Eat a balanced diet rich in fiber, lean protein, and fermented foods.
Limit processed foods, alcohol, and excess sugar that strain the digestive system.
Stay hydrated to support bowel regularity.
Exercise regularly, as physical activity helps digestion.
Manage stress, which directly impacts the gut through the brain-gut connection.

Routine check-ups combined with healthy habits create a strong foundation for long-term digestive health.

Overcoming the Fear of GI Procedures

Many patients avoid routine GI check-ups due to fear, embarrassment, or misconceptions.
Common concerns include:

Fear of discomfort – Sedation ensures that procedures like colonoscopy are painless.
Embarrassment – Gastroenterologists perform these procedures daily and focus on patient health, not judgment.
Concerns about cost – Preventive care is often more affordable than treating advanced disease.

Education and reassurance are key in encouraging patients to prioritize routine GI health screenings.

capsule_endoscopy

The Future of Routine GI Check-Ups

Advancements in gastroenterology are making routine check-ups even more effective and less invasive. Emerging technologies include:

Capsule endoscopy – Swallowing a pill-sized camera that captures images of the digestive tract.
Non-invasive stool DNA testing – Detecting colon cancer risk without a colonoscopy (though colonoscopy remains the gold standard).

These innovations promise greater accessibility, accuracy, and comfort for patients.

Conclusion

Your digestive system is central to your health, yet it is often neglected until problems become severe. Routine GI check-ups are one of the most powerful tools for preventing disease, improving quality of life, and ensuring early detection of potentially life-threatening conditions like colorectal cancer.

By staying proactive—especially if you are over 45, have a family history of GI disease, or suffer from persistent digestive symptoms—you can protect your gut health and overall well-being.

A healthy gut is the foundation of a healthy life. Don’t wait until symptoms become unbearable—schedule your GI check-up today.

importance_of_routine_checkup_infographic

Contact Dr. Deetlefs

Dr. Deetlefs has earned the reputation of a trusted health expert providing consultative, diagnostic, and therapeutic endoscopic and related services to patients in Cape Town and beyond.

Dr. Deetlefs can be contacted to confirm the estimated breakdown should you be interested in having the procedure done.

Book an Appointment

DISCLAIMER: PLEASE READ CAREFULLY

The information on this website is to provide general guidance. In no way does any of the information provided reflect definitive medical advice and self-diagnoses should not be made based on information obtained online. It is important to consult a Gastroenterologist or medical doctor regarding ANY and ALL symptoms or signs including, but not limited to: abdominal pain, haemorrhoids or anal / rectal bleeding as it may a sign of a serious illness or condition. A thorough consultation and examination should ALWAYS be performed for an accurate diagnosis and treatment plan. Be sure to call a physician or call our office today and schedule a consultation.

GIDoc Cape Town

Patient-focused GI treatments and procedures in Cape Town.

Monday-Friday 8AM-4PM.

Navigate

Treatments & Procedures
About Us
Blog
Contact Us

Terms and Conditions Privacy Policy

Connect with Us

Our website information is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a doctor about your specific condition. Only a trained physician can determine an accurate diagnosis and proper treatment.

IBS or IBD? Understanding the Key Differences

by GI Doc Capetown | Jul 15, 2025 | Capsule Endoscopy, Colonoscopy

Many people confuse Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) and Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) — and understandably so. Both conditions affect the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, cause abdominal pain, and disrupt daily life.

However, IBS and IBD are fundamentally different in cause, severity, and treatment. Understanding the distinction is crucial for timely diagnosis, appropriate care, and effective symptom management.

In this article, we’ll explore the key differences between IBS and IBD, outline common symptoms, delve into diagnosis and treatment approaches, and offer guidance for patients living with either condition.

What Is IBS (Irritable Bowel Syndrome)?

Irritable Bowel Syndrome is a functional gastrointestinal disorder, which means that while the digestive tract appears normal on testing, it doesn’t function properly.

IBS affects the large intestine (colon) and is characterized by chronic abdominal discomfort, bloating, and altered bowel habits. Though it does not cause inflammation or damage to the bowel tissue, its symptoms can be severe and significantly affect quality of life.

IBS is believed to be caused by a complex interplay between the brain and gut, often referred to as the gut-brain axis. Abnormal muscle contractions in the intestine, heightened pain sensitivity, and changes in gut bacteria may all contribute to the development of IBS.

Common Symptoms of IBS

Abdominal cramping or pain
Bloating and gas
Diarrhea (IBS-D), constipation (IBS-C), or alternating both (IBS-M)
Mucus in the stool
Feeling of incomplete bowel movement
Relief of pain after a bowel movement

Key Features of IBS

No visible inflammation or damage to the GI tract
Does not cause permanent harm to the intestines
No increased risk of colorectal cancer
Often triggered by stress, diet, or hormonal changes
Tends to improve with dietary management and stress reduction

ibs_abdominal_pain

What Is IBD (Inflammatory Bowel Disease)?

Inflammatory Bowel Disease refers to a group of chronic autoimmune diseases that result in inflammation and damage to the gastrointestinal tract. The two main types of IBD are:

Crohn’s Disease, which can affect any part of the GI tract from the mouth to the anus, often with patchy, transmural inflammation
Ulcerative Colitis, which affects only the colon and rectum, with inflammation typically limited to the mucosal lining

IBD is an autoimmune condition where the body mistakenly attacks healthy cells in the GI tract, leading to inflammation, ulceration, and complications over time. Unlike IBS, IBD can cause serious structural damage to the bowel and may require intensive medical treatment or surgery.

Common Symptoms of IBD

Persistent diarrhea, often with urgency
Rectal bleeding
Abdominal pain and cramping
Fatigue and malaise
Weight loss and nutritional deficiencies
Fever and night sweats during active flares
Anemia due to chronic blood loss

Extraintestinal Manifestations

IBD can also affect other parts of the body beyond the digestive tract:

Joint pain or arthritis
Skin disorders like erythema nodosum
Eye inflammation (uveitis)
Liver disorders such as primary sclerosing cholangitis

Key Features of IBD

Visible inflammation, ulcers, and damage to the GI tract
Can lead to complications like strictures, fistulas, abscesses, and increased cancer risk
Requires long-term medical treatment, and sometimes surgery
May involve periods of remission and flare-ups

ibd_crohns_disease

IBS vs IBD: A Side-by-Side Comparison

Feature	IBS	IBD
Nature of Condition	Functional disorder	Autoimmune/inflammatory disease
Damage to GI Tract	None	Inflammation and structural damage
Risk of Colon Cancer	No	Increased risk (especially in UC)
Bleeding	Rare	Common
Diagnosis	Based on symptoms and exclusion	Confirmed by colonoscopy and biopsy
Treatment Goals	Symptom relief	Inflammation control and disease remission
Medications	Antispasmodics, fiber, laxatives	Biologics, immunosuppressants, steroids
Surgery Required	Rare	Often needed in severe cases
Mental Health Impact	Common, stress-related	Anxiety and depression due to disease burden

Causes and Risk Factors

IBS Causes and Risk Factors

Gut-brain axis dysfunction
Stress and anxiety
Dietary triggers (e.g., FODMAPs, caffeine, spicy foods)
Hormonal fluctuations (more common in women)
Post-infectious IBS after gastroenteritis
Genetic and early life factors

IBD Causes and Risk Factors

Immune system dysfunction
Genetic predisposition (family history of IBD)
Environmental triggers (e.g., antibiotics, pollution, Western diet)
Smoking (increases Crohn’s risk, but may be protective in UC)
Alterations in gut microbiota
Urban living and lower vitamin D levels

ibd_gut_brain_axis

Diagnosis: IBS vs. IBD

How Is IBS Diagnosed?

IBS is typically diagnosed after ruling out more serious conditions. Physicians may:

Use the Rome IV criteria (abdominal pain related to defecation, lasting at least 1 day per week over 3 months)
Review a detailed symptom and diet history
Order blood tests to rule out anemia, celiac disease, or infection
Use stool tests to rule out inflammation (e.g., fecal calprotectin)
Conduct colonoscopy if red-flag symptoms are present

How Is IBD Diagnosed?

IBD diagnosis involves more advanced testing to confirm inflammation:

Blood tests for CRP, ESR, and iron levels
Stool tests like fecal calprotectin and occult blood
Colonoscopy with tissue biopsy to assess extent and severity
MRI or CT enterography to view the small bowel in Crohn’s disease
Capsule endoscopy or ultrasound when needed

Treatment Options

Managing IBS

IBS is usually managed with a multi-faceted approach aimed at reducing symptom frequency and improving quality of life:

Low-FODMAP diet to reduce gas-producing foods
Fiber supplements for constipation-predominant IBS (soluble fiber preferred)
Antispasmodic medications like hyoscine or dicyclomine
Laxatives or anti-diarrheal agents as needed
Probiotics to balance gut bacteria
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) or gut-directed hypnotherapy
Stress management with mindfulness, yoga, or regular exercise

Managing IBD

IBD requires targeted medical therapy to control inflammation and induce remission:

Aminosalicylates (5-ASA) for mild to moderate UC
Corticosteroids for moderate to severe flares
Immunomodulators like azathioprine or methotrexate for long-term control
Biologic therapies (anti-TNF agents, integrin inhibitors, IL-12/23 blockers)
Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors for refractory cases
Nutritional therapy or enteral nutrition in pediatric cases
Surgical options including colectomy or bowel resection when necessary

ibd_diagnosis_colonoscopy

Living with IBS or IBD

Coping with IBS

While IBS does not cause damage to the digestive tract, the chronic and unpredictable nature of symptoms can lead to anxiety, embarrassment, and a lower quality of life.

Supportive care, patient education, and tailored diet and lifestyle changes can significantly improve symptoms.

Coping with IBD

IBD is a lifelong condition that can fluctuate between remission and flare-ups. Early diagnosis, consistent treatment, and lifestyle adjustments can help prevent complications and maintain gut health.

Patients benefit from ongoing support from a gastroenterology care team.

General Tips for Both

Track symptoms and dietary triggers with a health diary
Build a strong relationship with your healthcare provider
Avoid smoking and unnecessary NSAIDs
Prioritize mental health care and support networks

When to See a Gastroenterologist

You should see a gastroenterologist if you experience:

Persistent abdominal pain or bloating
Blood or mucus in the stool
Unexplained weight loss
Severe or frequent diarrhea
Fatigue or anemia
Any symptoms interfering with your day-to-day life

Early consultation can lead to faster diagnosis and improved outcomes, especially in cases of IBD.

Conclusion: IBS and IBD Are Not the Same

Although IBS and IBD can produce overlapping symptoms, they differ significantly in cause, severity, and long-term risks.

IBS is a functional disorder, often manageable through lifestyle changes and stress reduction. IBD, on the other hand, is a chronic inflammatory disease that can result in serious complications without medical intervention.

Understanding these differences empowers patients to seek timely care and take control of their digestive health.

If you’re unsure whether your symptoms point to IBS or IBD, schedule a consultation with a gastroenterologist. An accurate diagnosis is the first step toward effective treatment and lasting relief.

ibs_or_ibd_infographic

Contact the Experts

Dr. Deetlefs has earned the reputation of a trusted health expert providing consultative, diagnostic, and therapeutic endoscopic and related services to patients in Cape Town and beyond.

Dr. Deetlefs can be contacted to confirm the estimated breakdown should you be interested in having the procedure done.

Book an Appointment

DISCLAIMER: PLEASE READ CAREFULLY

The information on this website is to provide general guidance. In no way does any of the information provided reflect definitive medical advice and self-diagnoses should not be made based on information obtained online. It is important to consult a Gastroenterologist or medical doctor regarding ANY and ALL symptoms or signs including, but not limited to: abdominal pain, haemorrhoids or anal / rectal bleeding as it may a sign of a serious illness or condition. A thorough consultation and examination should ALWAYS be performed for an accurate diagnosis and treatment plan. Be sure to call a physician or call our office today and schedule a consultation.

GIDoc Cape Town

Patient-focused GI treatments and procedures in Cape Town.

Monday-Friday 8AM-4PM.

Navigate

Treatments & Procedures
About Us
Blog
Contact Us

Terms and Conditions Privacy Policy

Connect with Us

Our website information is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a doctor about your specific condition. Only a trained physician can determine an accurate diagnosis and proper treatment.

GERD or Acid Reflux: What’s the Difference and Simple Remedies to Help You

by GI Doc Capetown | Jun 15, 2025 | Gastroenterology

Gastrointestinal issues are incredibly common in today’s fast-paced world, and few are as prevalent as acid reflux and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). While many people use these terms interchangeably, they are not the same.

Understanding the difference between occasional acid reflux and chronic GERD is crucial for finding the right treatment and preventing long-term complications.

In this article, we’ll explore the differences between acid reflux and GERD, the causes and symptoms, when to seek medical help, and simple remedies that can ease your discomfort and support better digestive health.

Understanding Acid Reflux

Acid reflux occurs when stomach acid flows backward into the esophagus — the tube that connects your mouth to your stomach.

This happens when the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), a ring-like muscle that acts as a valve between the stomach and esophagus, fails to close properly or opens too frequently.

Common Symptoms of Acid Reflux:

A burning sensation in the chest (heartburn)
Sour or bitter taste in the mouth
Regurgitation of food or liquids
Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia)
A feeling of a lump in the throat
Coughing or hoarseness

Most people experience occasional acid reflux, especially after a large meal, spicy foods, or lying down soon after eating. When acid reflux becomes more frequent — occurring two or more times a week — it may indicate a more serious condition known as GERD.

gerd_symptoms

What Is GERD?

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is a chronic, more severe form of acid reflux. It is diagnosed when acid reflux occurs regularly and leads to inflammation, damage to the esophageal lining, or more serious symptoms.

GERD is a long-term condition that often requires medical management and lifestyle modifications.

GERD Symptoms:

Frequent heartburn (more than twice a week)
Chronic cough or sore throat
Asthma-like symptoms
Erosion of tooth enamel from acid
Sleep disturbances due to reflux
Chest pain (can mimic heart issues)

GERD can affect people of all ages, and if left untreated, it can lead to complications such as:

Esophagitis
Esophageal strictures
Barrett’s esophagus
Esophageal cancer

acid_reflux_symptoms

The Difference Between Acid Reflux and GERD

Acid Reflux	GERD
· Occasional episodes	· Chronic and frequent
· Usually mild and short-lived	· May lead to long-term complications
· Triggered by diet or lifestyle	· Often requires medical treatment
· Managed with simple remedies	· May need prescription medication or surgery

Causes and Risk Factors

While both acid reflux and GERD involve stomach acid flowing into the esophagus, various factors can contribute to their development:

Diet

Fatty or fried foods
Spicy foods
Chocolate, caffeine, and alcohol
Citrus fruits and tomatoes
Carbonated beverages

Lifestyle Factors

Overeating or eating too quickly
Lying down right after meals
Smoking
Obesity
Pregnancy (due to increased abdominal pressure)

Medical Conditions

Hiatal hernia
Delayed stomach emptying
Connective tissue disorders (e.g., scleroderma)

gerd_lifestyle_changes

Diagnosing GERD

If you experience persistent acid reflux or GERD symptoms, consult a gastroenterologist.
They may recommend:

Upper endoscopy: To examine the esophagus and check for inflammation or damage.
Esophageal pH monitoring: Measures how often acid enters the esophagus.
Esophageal manometry: Tests muscle function in the esophagus.
Barium swallow X-ray: Assesses structure and function of the esophagus and stomach.

Early diagnosis is key to managing GERD and preventing complications.

Simple Remedies for Acid Reflux and GERD

Dietary Changes
Adjusting your diet is one of the most effective ways to reduce symptoms.

Eat smaller, more frequent meals.
Avoid trigger foods (fatty, spicy, acidic).
Limit alcohol and caffeine.
Eat slowly and chew food thoroughly.

Maintain a Healthy Weight
Excess weight increases abdominal pressure, pushing stomach contents upward. Losing even 5-10% of body weight can significantly reduce symptoms.
Avoid Eating Late at Night
Give your body time to digest. Avoid eating 2–3 hours before bedtime to minimize nighttime reflux.
Elevate the Head of Your Bed
Raising the head of your bed by 15–20 cm (6–8 inches) helps prevent acid from traveling back up the esophagus during sleep.
Stop Smoking
Nicotine weakens the LES, allowing stomach acid to escape more easily into the esophagus.
Wear Loose Clothing
Tight clothing can compress the stomach and worsen reflux.

acid_reflux_symptoms_gerd

Over-the-Counter and Prescription Treatments

If lifestyle changes aren’t enough, several medications can help:

Antacids
Neutralize existing stomach acid. Best for occasional heartburn.

Examples: Gaviscon, Tums, Rennie

H2 Blockers
Reduce acid production in the stomach.

Examples: Ranitidine (withdrawn in many markets), Famotidine

Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs)
Strongest acid reducers and first-line treatment for GERD.

Examples: Omeprazole, Esomeprazole, Pantoprazole

Prokinetics
Help strengthen the LES and improve stomach emptying.

Examples: Metoclopramide

Always consult your doctor before starting or stopping any medications.

When Surgery Might Be Needed

For some people with GERD who do not respond to medication or have complications, surgery may be recommended.

Common Surgical Options:

Nissen fundoplication: The top of the stomach is wrapped around the LES to strengthen it.
LINX device: A ring of magnetic beads is placed around the LES to keep it closed but allow food to pass.

Surgical intervention is generally considered after thorough evaluation and when other treatments have failed.

When to Seek Medical Help

Don’t ignore persistent symptoms. See your doctor if you experience:

Frequent or severe heartburn
Difficulty swallowing
Unexplained weight loss
Vomiting or nausea
Chest pain (especially if it mimics heart symptoms)

These may be signs of more serious conditions like GERD, Barrett’s esophagus, or even early-stage esophageal cancer.

Living with GERD: Long-Term Management

Managing GERD requires long-term commitment. In addition to dietary and lifestyle modifications, regular follow-ups with your gastroenterologist are essential to monitor for complications.

Tips for Long-Term Success:

Keep a food and symptom diary
Take medications as prescribed
Avoid known triggers
Practice stress management (yoga, meditation, or breathing exercises)
Get regular checkups, especially if symptoms change

gerd_acid_reflux_infographic

Final Thoughts

While acid reflux is common and often manageable, persistent symptoms may point to GERD, which requires medical attention.

Understanding the difference between the two and taking action early can help you avoid complications and improve your quality of life.

If you’re struggling with ongoing reflux or are unsure whether your symptoms could indicate GERD, don’t wait — speak to your gastroenterologist. With the right care plan, you can regain control of your digestive health and live more comfortably.

Need Help? Contact a Specialist

If you’re experiencing frequent heartburn or digestive discomfort, consult a gastrointestinal specialist for a personalized assessment.

Early treatment can prevent long-term complications and restore your digestive wellness.

Dr. Deetlefs has earned the reputation of a trusted health expert providing consultative, diagnostic, and therapeutic endoscopic and related services to patients in Cape Town and beyond.

Dr. Deetlefs can be contacted to confirm the estimated breakdown should you be interested in having the procedure done.

Book an Appointment

DISCLAIMER: PLEASE READ CAREFULLY

The information on this website is to provide general guidance. In no way does any of the information provided reflect definitive medical advice and self-diagnoses should not be made based on information obtained online. It is important to consult a Gastroenterologist or medical doctor regarding ANY and ALL symptoms or signs including, but not limited to: abdominal pain, haemorrhoids or anal / rectal bleeding as it may a sign of a serious illness or condition. A thorough consultation and examination should ALWAYS be performed for an accurate diagnosis and treatment plan. Be sure to call a physician or call our office today and schedule a consultation.

GIDoc Cape Town

Patient-focused GI treatments and procedures in Cape Town.

Monday-Friday 8AM-4PM.

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Our website information is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a doctor about your specific condition. Only a trained physician can determine an accurate diagnosis and proper treatment.

Endoscopic Stent Placement for GI Obstruction: What You Need to Know

by GI Doc Capetown | May 15, 2025 | ERCP, Gastroenterology

Gastrointestinal (GI) obstruction is a serious condition that can significantly impact digestion and overall health. Whether caused by tumors, strictures, inflammation, or other factors, GI obstructions can block the passage of food, fluids, and waste through the digestive tract. In such cases, restoring the flow through the gastrointestinal system becomes an urgent medical necessity. One of the most effective, minimally invasive solutions is endoscopic stent placement.

This article explores what endoscopic stent placement is, why it’s used, how the procedure is performed, and what patients can expect before, during, and after treatment. Understanding this procedure can empower patients and caregivers to make informed decisions about their GI care.

What Is GI Obstruction?

GI obstruction occurs when the normal movement of contents through the digestive tract is blocked. This can happen in the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, colon, or rectum. Obstructions can be either partial or complete, and causes may include:

Malignant tumors (such as colorectal, gastric, or pancreatic cancer)
Benign strictures due to inflammation, ulcers, or surgery
Diverticulitis
Crohn’s disease
Radiation-induced narrowing
Foreign objects

Symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, constipation, bloating, and inability to pass gas or stool.

What Is Endoscopic Stent Placement?

Endoscopic stent placement is a minimally invasive procedure used to treat obstructions in the gastrointestinal tract. A stent is a tube-like device, usually made of metal or plastic, that is inserted into the GI tract to keep a narrowed or blocked area open, allowing for the normal passage of food, fluids, or waste.

Stents can be placed in several areas of the GI tract, including:

Esophagus – for esophageal cancer or strictures
Duodenum or small intestine – for gastric outlet obstruction
Colon – for obstructive colorectal cancer
Bile ducts – though technically not part of the GI tract, endoscopic stenting is common here too

This procedure is commonly performed using endoscopy, which involves a thin, flexible tube with a camera (endoscope) that allows the doctor to see the inside of the GI tract in real time.

endoscopic_stent_diverticulitis

When Is Endoscopic Stent Placement Recommended?

Endoscopic stent placement is typically recommended in the following scenarios:

1. Malignant Obstruction (Cancer)

Many patients with advanced cancers in the GI tract experience obstruction as a complication. A stent can relieve symptoms and improve quality of life. In such cases, it is often used as a palliative measure for patients who are not candidates for surgery.

2. Benign Strictures

In cases of non-cancerous narrowing caused by chronic inflammation (e.g., Crohn’s disease, radiation enteritis), stenting may be used when other treatments such as dilation have failed or if the narrowing is recurrent.

3. Preoperative Bridge to Surgery

In patients with obstructing colon cancer, a stent may be used to decompress the bowel before elective surgery, allowing time for better surgical planning and avoiding emergency surgery.

Types of GI Stents

There are several types of stents used in the gastrointestinal tract:

Self-expanding metal stents (SEMS): Most commonly used, especially in malignancies.
Plastic stents: Usually used in benign conditions or temporary placements.
Covered vs. Uncovered stents:
- Covered stents prevent tumor ingrowth but are more prone to migration.
- Uncovered stents stay in place better but can become obstructed over time by tissue growth.

Your doctor will select the appropriate type based on the location and cause of the obstruction.

endoscopic_stent_placement

The Procedure: What to Expect

1. Preparation

Patients are typically advised not to eat or drink anything for several hours before the procedure. Your doctor may recommend stopping certain medications like blood thinners. You may also receive instructions for bowel preparation if the stent is being placed in the colon.

2. During the Procedure

You will be given a sedative or anesthesia for comfort.
An endoscope is inserted through the mouth or rectum, depending on the location of the obstruction.
Once the narrowed area is visualized, a guidewire is passed through it.
The stent is then advanced over the guidewire and deployed in the affected area.
The stent expands on its own (self-expanding) or is manually expanded to keep the passage open.

The procedure usually takes 30 to 60 minutes.

3. After the Procedure

Patients are monitored for a few hours and can often return home the same day.
Some may experience mild abdominal discomfort, gas, or bloating.
Eating and drinking are usually resumed within 24 hours, starting with liquids and advancing to soft foods.
Follow-up visits are scheduled to monitor the stent’s function and address any complications.

Benefits of Endoscopic Stent Placement

Minimally invasive
Quick symptom relief
Shorter recovery time compared to surgery
Improves quality of life in palliative care
Can avoid emergency surgery

Potential Risks and Complications

Although generally safe, endoscopic stent placement does carry some risks, including:

Stent migration – more common with covered stents
Perforation – a tear in the wall of the GI tract
Bleeding
Stent occlusion – due to tumor ingrowth, food blockage, or tissue overgrowth
Infection

Complications are usually manageable, and your gastroenterologist will discuss the risks with you before the procedure.

Follow-Up Care and Lifestyle Tips

After a stent is placed, it’s important to:

Follow dietary recommendations – chew food thoroughly, avoid sticky or fibrous foods, and drink plenty of water
Attend follow-up appointments – to ensure the stent is functioning well
Watch for warning signs – such as increasing abdominal pain, vomiting, fever, or difficulty swallowing (depending on location)

If symptoms return, your doctor may perform additional imaging or endoscopy to assess the stent.

endoscopic_stent_follow_up

Alternatives to Stenting

Depending on your condition, other treatments may be considered:

Endoscopic balloon dilation – especially for short benign strictures
Surgical resection – for suitable candidates, especially in cancer cases
Bypass surgery – for advanced tumors where resection isn’t possible

The best approach depends on the underlying cause, your overall health, and treatment goals.

endoscopic_stent_placement_infographic

Conclusion

Endoscopic stent placement is a highly effective, minimally invasive procedure used to relieve GI obstruction caused by tumors, strictures, or other blockages. Whether as a palliative measure in advanced cancer or a temporary solution before surgery, stents can significantly improve comfort and quality of life.

If you or a loved one is experiencing symptoms of GI obstruction, consult a gastroenterologist or GI specialist. Early diagnosis and prompt intervention can lead to better outcomes and a faster return to normal life.

For personalized consultation and expert care, don’t hesitate to reach out to a specialist with experience in advanced endoscopic procedures.

Get in Touch

Dr. Deetlefs has earned the reputation of a trusted health expert providing consultative, diagnostic, and therapeutic endoscopic and related services to patients in Cape Town and beyond.

Dr. Deetlefs can be contacted to confirm the estimated breakdown should you be interested in having the procedure done.

Book an Appointment

DISCLAIMER: PLEASE READ CAREFULLY

The information on this website is to provide general guidance. In no way does any of the information provided reflect definitive medical advice and self-diagnoses should not be made based on information obtained online. It is important to consult a Gastroenterologist or medical doctor regarding ANY and ALL symptoms or signs including, but not limited to: abdominal pain, haemorrhoids or anal / rectal bleeding as it may a sign of a serious illness or condition. A thorough consultation and examination should ALWAYS be performed for an accurate diagnosis and treatment plan. Be sure to call a physician or call our office today and schedule a consultation.

GIDoc Cape Town

Patient-focused GI treatments and procedures in Cape Town.

Monday-Friday 8AM-4PM.

Navigate

Treatments & Procedures
About Us
Blog
Contact Us

Terms and Conditions Privacy Policy

Connect with Us

Our website information is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a doctor about your specific condition. Only a trained physician can determine an accurate diagnosis and proper treatment.

Procedures Offered by Dr. Deetlefs – Expert Gastroenterology Care

by GI Doc Capetown | Apr 20, 2025 | Gastroenterology

When it comes to digestive health, early diagnosis and expert care are crucial for effective treatment and long-term wellness. Dr. Deetlefs, a highly respected gastroenterologist, offers advanced diagnostic and therapeutic procedures tailored to meet the individual needs of his patients.

With years of experience and a reputation for excellence in the field of gastroenterology, Dr. Deetlefs ensures that each patient receives comprehensive care using the latest medical techniques and technologies.

This article provides an in-depth look at the procedures offered by Dr. Deetlefs and explains how they are used to diagnose and treat a variety of gastrointestinal (GI) conditions.

Gastroscopy (Upper Endoscopy)

What It Is:
Gastroscopy is a procedure that allows for the visual examination of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum using a flexible endoscope with a camera.

What It’s Used For:

Investigating causes of upper abdominal pain, reflux, or swallowing difficulties
Diagnosing ulcers, inflammation, or tumors
Taking biopsies for suspected infections or cancer
Treating bleeding lesions or dilating strictures

Why Choose Dr. Deetlefs:
Dr. Deetlefs uses the latest endoscopic technology to ensure high-resolution imaging and accurate diagnosis. His careful technique reduces patient discomfort and improves recovery times.

gastroscopy_procedure_deetlefs

Colonoscopy

What It Is:
A colonoscopy involves examining the inside of the colon and rectum using a long, flexible tube with a camera.

What It’s Used For:

Colorectal cancer screening
Diagnosing causes of rectal bleeding, diarrhea, or unexplained weight loss
Removing polyps (polypectomy) to prevent cancer
Monitoring inflammatory bowel diseases (Crohn’s or ulcerative colitis)

Why Choose Dr. Deetlefs:
With a patient-first approach, Dr. Deetlefs ensures every colonoscopy is thorough, safe, and comfortable. His keen diagnostic skills help detect early signs of disease before symptoms become severe.

ercp_dr_deetlefs

Polypectomy

What It Is:
Polypectomy is the removal of polyps found during a colonoscopy or gastroscopy.

What It’s Used For:

Preventing colorectal cancer
Removing precancerous lesions
Controlling bleeding polyps

Why Choose Dr. Deetlefs:
His experience in endoscopic polypectomy ensures the procedure is safe and effective, minimizing the need for invasive surgery.

polypectomy_procedure_deetlefs

Double-Balloon Enteroscopy

What It Is:
This advanced technique allows examination and treatment of the small intestine, which cannot be reached using standard endoscopes.

What It’s Used For:

Investigating obscure GI bleeding
Diagnosing small bowel tumors or inflammation
Performing biopsies or therapeutic interventions

Why Choose Dr. Deetlefs:
As a specialist trained in advanced endoscopy, Dr. Deetlefs is one of the few experts offering double-balloon enteroscopy, providing a critical tool for diagnosing complex conditions.

double_balloon_enteroscopy

Capsule Endoscopy

What It Is:
Capsule endoscopy involves swallowing a small, pill-sized camera that captures images as it travels through the digestive tract.

What It’s Used For:

Identifying sources of GI bleeding
Diagnosing Crohn’s disease
Detecting tumors in the small intestine

Why Choose Dr. Deetlefs:
Dr. Deetlefs utilizes capsule endoscopy for non-invasive yet comprehensive evaluation, offering patients a more comfortable diagnostic option.

capsule_endoscopy_deetlefs

Dilatation of Strictures

What It Is:
This procedure involves stretching or widening narrowed areas (strictures) in the esophagus, stomach, or intestines using balloons or dilators.

What It’s Used For:

Treating swallowing difficulties due to esophageal strictures
Alleviating blockages caused by inflammation or tumors
Improving food passage and quality of life

Why Choose Dr. Deetlefs:
His precision in identifying and treating strictures ensures maximum relief with minimal complications.

colonoscopy_procedure_deetlefs

Oesophageal, Gastric, and Duodenal Stent Placement

What It Is:
Stents are small tubes inserted into narrowed or blocked sections of the GI tract to keep them open.

What It’s Used For:

Palliating symptoms in patients with tumors
Relieving obstructions in the esophagus, stomach, or small intestine
Enabling better nutrition and comfort in advanced GI disease

Why Choose Dr. Deetlefs:
His use of minimally invasive stent placement helps patients maintain better nutrition and quality of life, particularly when surgery isn’t an option.

Endoscopic Mucosal Resection (EMR)

What It Is:
EMR is a technique used to remove early-stage cancer or precancerous lesions from the GI tract without surgery.

What It’s Used For:

Removing large polyps
Treating early esophageal or stomach cancer
Managing Barrett’s esophagus with dysplasia

Why Choose Dr. Deetlefs:
As a leader in therapeutic endoscopy, Dr. Deetlefs offers expert EMR services with a focus on organ preservation and early intervention.

Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)

What It Is:
ERCP is a specialized procedure that combines endoscopy and X-ray to diagnose and treat problems in the bile and pancreatic ducts.

What It’s Used For:

Removing bile duct stones
Placing stents to relieve obstruction
Diagnosing pancreatitis or bile duct strictures

Why Choose Dr. Deetlefs:
With years of experience in ERCP, Dr. Deetlefs ensures that patients receive accurate diagnoses and prompt treatment for complex hepatobiliary conditions.

emr_placement_deetlefs

Haemostasis of GI Bleeding

What It Is:
This involves stopping active bleeding during endoscopy using clips, heat (cautery), injections, or sprays.

What It’s Used For:

Bleeding ulcers
Bleeding tumors
Variceal bleeding
Diverticular bleeding

Why Choose Dr. Deetlefs:
Prompt and effective haemostasis can save lives. Dr. Deetlefs is highly skilled in emergency and elective endoscopic bleeding control.

Why Choose Dr. Deetlefs?

Dr. Deetlefs is a board-certified gastroenterologist with extensive training in both diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopy. Known for his compassionate patient care and cutting-edge clinical expertise, he emphasizes personalized treatment plans for each patient. Whether managing chronic conditions or performing complex procedures, Dr. Deetlefs ensures optimal outcomes through attention to detail, patient education, and the use of the most advanced technologies available.

Consultations for gastrointestinal and liver related diseases with a specific interest in inflammatory bowel disease and iron deficiency anaemia caused by obscure gastrointestinal bleeding. Admitting rights to Mediclinic Milnerton and Life Vincent Pallotti Hospitals.

As part of his special interest in obscure GI bleeding, he provides a full service for small bowel investigation including capsule endoscopy and double balloon Enteroscopy.

Dr Eduan Deetlefs sees the whole spectrum of gastrointestinal and liver related diseases with a special interest in inflammatory bowel disease and anaemia caused by obscure intestinal bleeding.

He furthermore has an in room infusion centre at his Mediclinic Milnerton Practice for administration of biological and intravenous iron infusions.

He performs numerous procedures including diagnostic and therapeutic gastroscopies and colonoscopies.

He believes that quality endoscopy is of the utmost importance as subtle findings might be life altering.

Dr Eduan Deetlefs has a wealth of up to date knowledge in the management of inflammatory bowel disease and in addition he has a trial centre, Spoke Research Inc, that specializes in biological trials for inflammatory bowel disease.

procedures_offered_by_dr_deetlefs

Patient-Centered Care and Compassion

Beyond his technical expertise, what sets Dr. Deetlefs apart is his patient-first philosophy. He understands that undergoing any medical procedure can be stressful. That’s why he takes the time to answer questions, explain procedures in understandable terms, and make sure patients feel comfortable every step of the way.

Schedule a Consultation

If you are experiencing digestive symptoms or have been referred for a gastroenterology procedure, Dr. Deetlefs can provide the expert guidance and care you need. Early intervention is key to managing GI conditions effectively and improving quality of life.

To book an appointment or learn more about the procedures he offers, contact Dr. Deetlefs’ practice today.

Book an Appointment

DISCLAIMER: PLEASE READ CAREFULLY

The information on this website is to provide general guidance. In no way does any of the information provided reflect definitive medical advice and self-diagnoses should not be made based on information obtained online. It is important to consult a Gastroenterologist or medical doctor regarding ANY and ALL symptoms or signs including, but not limited to: abdominal pain, haemorrhoids or anal / rectal bleeding as it may a sign of a serious illness or condition. A thorough consultation and examination should ALWAYS be performed for an accurate diagnosis and treatment plan. Be sure to call a physician or call our office today and schedule a consultation.

GIDoc Cape Town

Patient-focused GI treatments and procedures in Cape Town.

Monday-Friday 8AM-4PM.

Navigate

Treatments & Procedures
About Us
Blog
Contact Us

Terms and Conditions Privacy Policy

Connect with Us

Our website information is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a doctor about your specific condition. Only a trained physician can determine an accurate diagnosis and proper treatment.